The evidence for this chapter comes from a number of distinguished archaeologists and historians. The aim of the chapter is to give an account of the technologies available to, and utilised by the sea-faring civilisations of pre-Columbian times. We focus primarily on the Egyptian, Chinese and Minoan civilisations.
Further reading:
Gang Deng – Chinese maritime activities and socioeconomic development c.2100 BC – 1900AD – http://bit.ly/19nvKzT
Thera Foundation:
http://www.santonet.gr/exhibitions/nomikos.htm
http://www.santozeum.com/
Uluburun wreck photos: http://nauticalarch.org/projects/all/southern_europe_mediterranean_aegean/uluburun_turkey/photo_galleries/
Childe, V. Gordon. The Bronze Age. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1930.
Clark, Peter. Bronze Age Connections. Oxbow: Oxford Books, 2009.
Knapp, A. “Island Cultures: Crete, Thera, Cyprus, Rhodes and Sardinia.” In Jack M. Sasson, ed., Civilizations of the Ancient Near East. New York: Scribner, 2000. The Biblical Archaeologist Vol.55, No.2, 1992.
Haldane, Cheryl [Ward]. “Organic Goods from the Uluburun Wreck.” INA Newsletter 18 (1991): 11.
Merrillees, Robert S. “Aegean Bronze Age Relations with Egypt.” American Journal of Archaeology 76 (1972): 281–94.
Sandars, N. K. The Sea Peoples: Warriors of the Ancient Mediterranean 1250–1150 B.C. London: Thames & Hudson, 1978.
Sølver, Carl V . “Egyptian Shipping of About 1500 B.C.” Mariner’s Mirror 22, no. 4 (1936).
Tilley, A. F., and Paul Johnstone. “A Minoan Naval Triumph?” International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 5 (1976): 285–92, published online February 22, 2007.
Tsountas, C. “Ships on Cycladic ‘Frying Pans’” in Kykladika II, Arah Eph (1899) and Tsountas 1898 and Hesperia 72 (2003) (405-426).
Wachsmann, Shelley. Seagoing Ships and Seamanship in the Bronze Age Levant. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1998.
Bowen, R. L. “Egypt’s Earliest Sailing Ships.” Antiquity 34 (1960): 117.
Bass, G. F., et al. “The Bronze Age Shipwreck at Uluburun: 1986 Campaign.” American Journal of Archaeology 90, no. 3 (1986): 269–96
Building Pharaoh’s Ship. WGBH, Boston, January 2010.
Bietak, Manfred. “Egypt and Canaan During the Middle Bronze Age.” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 281 (February 1991): 27–72.
Grajetzki, Wolfram. The Middle Kingdom of Ancient Egypt: History, Archaeology and Society. London: Duckworth, 2006.
Landström, Björn. Ships of the Pharaohs. London: Allen & Unwin, 1970
Tsikritsis, Minas: https://www.gavinmenzies.net/Evidence/chapter-40-%E2%80%93-a-return-to-crete/
Cheryl Ward, Building pharaoh’s ships: Cedar, incense and sailing the Great Green
http://www.britishmuseum.org/pdf/ward.pdf
The Pharaoh who conquered the sea: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MyCSunq4ZxI
